Bali Indonesia

About Bali More than four thousand years ago, Bali was an emerald-green island, covered with tropical forests. The first wave of human arrivals from different seas brought with them the techniques of rice cultivation, new languages ??and new customs. These early immigrants and those who followed over the years has helped to create a haven, providing today's visitors with a wealth of sights, sounds, dance, music, art and remesla.Ostrov of the Gods is located approximately at latitude 8 ° south latitude, and longitude 115 ° east longitude. Bali and neighboring Lombok Island in the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands, and some of the more than 17,000 islands that make up Indonesia, the largest archipelago in the mire.Liniya Wallace, which runs between the island of Bali and Lombok is the boundary between Asia and Australia, thus naturally divides the flora and fauna between the Sunda Shelf of the Sahul Shelf (which includes Australia). To the east lies the island of Java that was once attached to Bali.Hotya little is known about Stone Age people who first settled on the island, the bronze age people in from the left a lasting legacy. Dong Son culture with a highly developed technique of casting bronze objects flourished on the island of Bali. The biggest mystery of the bronze drums of rain, also noted in several other Southeast Asian countriesl, was cast in Bali. It is considered a sacred object, he is revered in Balinese temple Pura Penataran Sasih in Pejeng. Legend has it that a wheel fell off the chariot of the goddess luny.Bronzovy people age, who used the complex art of casting bronze objects, also known methods for dry rice cultivation and the art of weaving. Later waves of immigrants, mostly Malays, brought with them the secret cultivation of wet rice, increasing the yield by several times. This began the transformation of Bali in a complex system of irrigation, which will provide water to the rice terraces. Rice then became the staff of life and measure bogatstva.Korolevstv began to flourish on the basis of wealth, with all to play a tribute to pre-Hindu form of Sri Devi, the goddess of rice favorite, presented in an ancient form of chile motif is found today in predlozheniyah.Induizm was introduced in Bali Brahmin priests in the first century AD. These priests traveled with the Indian merchants, who were looking for a fabulous wealth of the islands in this region. Hinduism in Bali caught because he had received the patronage of kings. Buddhism has also been adopted, and both religions are mixed with elements of the old animistic belief. For Bali, the remnants of these early independent kingdoms were found, confirming their earlier practices and verovaniya.Iz numerous stories about the old, tells of a legendary evil king with the head of a pig trouble with the name of Ulu, the same name, this modern village Bedulu, the site of the city. The other is related to the giant Kebo Iwa, who is said to have cut a lot of caves with their fingernails. These stories are still told to this day is over naroda.Odnako Hinduism and its offshoot Buddhism, which achieved a dominant position on the Balinese way of life. Even the inscriptions left by the early kingdoms were in a form and language of ancient India. Later monuments used a combination of Indian and Balinese yazyki.Ryadom with Bedulu is Goa Gajah (Elephant Cave), a religious complex, which combines both the practice of Hinduism and Buddhism. Within this complex there is a cave to meditate with three sets of lingga (phallus) of Lord Shiva, holy pool for swimming and sculpture Hariti, Buddhist bozhestva.Neskolko other monuments still stand as evidence of a glorious past in the history of Bali. Mount Gunung Kawi, or the poet a few houses of 11th century royal tombs. The list will seem endless for the student to the early history of Bali and is just as fascinating for the modern traveler den.No, in the 12th century, this glorious period comes to an end with the invasion of Majapahit Empire, the army and the brilliant general of Gadjah Mada. Bali is an important province of East Java is the kingdom, which became one of the most powerful empires in this part of the world. They say that the Hindu Majapahit Empire gave Bali the form and structure, which stands to this day. The caste system, rules and rituals, art and architecture of the temple was transferred out of this powerful empire. But Islam began to gain a foothold in the region in the 15th century, most of the close ties with India were broken. Even the mighty Majapahit crashing to the 12th century, many Javanese nobility moved to Bali, the last bastion of Hinduism, taking with him his court rituals and praktik.Levy on its own, Bali will return to their animistic past. But it was a time when the gamelan, dance, drama and puppet shadow play would develop and prosper. In addition, there was a time of profound change, because not only will the rise of Islam, but the first in the West began poyavlyatsya.Gollandsky admiral, Cornelius Houtman arrived on the coast of Bali in 1598 in a friendly reception from WATU Renggong who was king of a unified Bali. Inspired by this gesture, the Dutch called the island of New Holland and their influence grew over the archipelago. But with the death WATU Renggong, other rulers will rule on their own at the same time paying homage to the Virgin Agung - the honorary title of Raja of Klungkung. The rulers often interact with each other in bloody wars and conflicts vzyal.Eto period would change in the 19th century, when the Dutch began to gain a foothold in the different regions. Bali had been a thorn in the Dutch ambitions, as they seemed to enjoy the independence and prosperity. In 1840 the Dutch established three wars to gain control of northern Bali. They succeeded only because the other rulers sought Dutch assistance on Bali for their own local heroes dohodov.Suschestvovali as Gusti Djelantik, who managed to defeat the West in one case, a brilliant move of pretending to retreat only to the army, are now filled for the trust for the Jagaraga hills to the north, where they were ambushed. Ill-equipped local forces, often easily Outgunned Dutch, with their modern oruzhiem.Gollandskaya launched a series of brutal campaigns in the archipelago, and it seemed it was a blow aimed at Bali. The answer was typical in Bali. Local kings led their followers in puputan («End"), which were given to all the rites of the dead, and then marched out to be a cut-off Dutch shooting. Those still standing have been cut down to his followers, thus providing them with the heavenly way to a glorious paradise of his illustrious predkov.Puputan occurred between 1906 and 1908, when the kings of Denpasar and Klungkung chose this path, but do not give up. Thus, the Dutch gained control over the island and imposed their brand of colonialism, which even included slavery and forced labor. With the colonial power in the firm control of the first wave of tourism began to "discover" the world will ostrova.Vskore hear about Bali Island of the Gods, dance and drama. Thousands to descend on the island in search of bronze drums and bare-chested beauties, and some will make their home here or take with him some exotic object to decorate your home in the west. Even the local royalty gets in the act of competing with each other to work out of cars and even a prince of many Western domov.Iz who fell to the charms of Bali, perhaps the most famous was Walter Spies, a German painter, who left a legacy for all to see. Arts and crafts have been given new life to supply the needs of tourists. It was a golden age in the history of Bali. The film makers would perpetuate the island, while the book will capture all the charm and style of life in the 20th century Bali.No Bali will also suffer from natural disasters, earthquake and volcano Batur in 1917 led to the loss of human lives and untold suffering, the island was hit by the Great Depression. However, Bali has remained in the minds of most of the island as a holiday and almost every new coach nee.Dazhe fell in love with the Japanese occupation was only a temporary obstacle. Slowly, after the end of World War II, Sukarno, who was part of Bali, Indonesia will declare an independent state, and with it regained its freedom in Bali navsegda.Pervye days after the 1945 Declaration of Independence was tough islanders, like the rest of the country. But Indonesia was an independent reality and the young nation set its own course. Tighter times ahead, when, in 1960, the island will suffer from hunger and the first known eruption of Mount St, Mount Agung. Then, as the Balinese society itself is deeply divided between political ideologies and the protection of thousands of victims on the island before the New Order government led by President Suharto restored peace, and gave the nation a new napravlenii.Turisticheskie hotel, at the same time, if there were a few parts of the island . The tourism industry is thriving will soon get the status of being in the number of foreign workers return to the country. Almost every major hotel chain in the world, currently represented on the island. Dream turning into a tourist haven of Bali has now become a reality. Although the early attractions were mostly around Sanur and Kuta, Nusa Dua complex, and even planned to Kuta Beach, which was unplanned, were major centers of interest to turistov.V Kut, surfers, hippies and tourists has led to its rapid growth, and even to this day remains a place where you will find a real holiday-maker. But Bali has much more to those who really want to spend time enjoying the lifestyle, traditions, friendship and inspiration. Go to Ubud, to immerse yourself in the arts and crafts to Batubulan for the stone carving on the Mac for the silver and gold to Tenganan for geringsing cloth. You can spend a lifetime here, and yet always find some place new, something that you missed. This is the charm and beauty of Bali. Arrive on its shores and swept his legs to be ready.

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